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Self-archiving
Self-archiving is the act of (the author's) depositing a free copy of an electronic document online in order to provide open access to it. The term usually refers to the self-archiving of peer-reviewed research journal and conference articles, as well as theses and book chapters, deposited in the author's own institutional repository or open archive for the purpose of maximizing its accessibility, usage and citation impact. The term green open access has become common in recent years, distinguishing this approach from gold open access, where the journal itself makes the articles publicly available without charge to the reader.〔Harnad, S., Brody, T., Vallieres, F., Carr, L., Hitchcock, S., Gingras, Y, Oppenheim, C., Stamerjohanns, H., & Hilf, E. (2004) (The Access/Impact Problem and the Green and Gold Roads to Open Access ). ''Serials Review'' 30.〕
==Origins==
Self-archiving was first explicitly proposed as a universal practice by Stevan Harnad in his 1994 online posting "Subversive Proposal"
(later published in ''Association of Research Libraries''〔Okerson, A. S. & O'Donnell, J. J. eds. (1995). ''Scholarly Journals at the Crossroads: A Subversive Proposal for Electronic Publishing''. Association of Research Libraries. Retrieved from http://www.arl.org/sc/subversive/〕) although computer scientists had been practicing self-archiving in anonymous FTP archives since at least the 1980s (see CiteSeer) and physicists had been doing it since the early 1990s on the web (see arXiv).
As of September 2015, 78% of the 2107 publishers registered in the SHERPA/RoMEO publisher policy index endorse self-archiving by authors of the preprint and/or postprint versions of their papers.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/statistics.php )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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